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Diamonds form deep in the earth under extreme pressure and heat. A diamond is essentially one large covalently bonded molecule as shown here.
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The "lead" in pencils is actually largely the second form of carbon, which is called graphite. Graphite is soft but consists of many small flat crystals consisting of covalently bonded carbon molecules. Its the sliding of these crystals past each other that makes graphite soft and slippery.
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Imagine scientist's surprise when they found this form of carbon in
soot!
Fullerine gets its name because it resembles the geodesic
domes developed by Buckminster Fuller. More informally these shapes are
called "Bucky balls". Fullerine also occurs in large balls and
tubular fullerine structures have been made in the laboratory.