Exam III Review
Chinese Religions: Basic Concepts, Daoism, Confucianism (you should be contextually aware of previous study of Buddhism in China-- refer to Exam II Review)
Shen
Guei
Ancestor Worship/Sacrifice
Divination
Yin Yahng
Shang Dynasty (1760-1100 BCE)
Shang Ti
Chou Dynasty (1100-221 BCE)
Warring States Period (700-221 BCE)
Tien Ming
Dao
Philosophical Daoism
Lao Tze
Dao De Jing
De- efficient
Wu Wei
Ch'i
Religious Daoism
De- augmented
Confucius
Analects
Ren
Chun Tze
Li as ritual propriety
Cheng Ming
Xiao
Five Constant Relationships
Mencius
The Four Hearts (Xin)
Qin Dynasty (221-206 BCE) (first emperor, "China")
Han Dynasty (206-BCE-220 CE)
Silk Road Trade (Han Dynasty)
Chinese reactions to Buddhism (Confucian, Daoist)
Song Dynasty (907-1279 CE)
Neo-Confucianism
Li as natural order of universe
Exam IV
Review
Japanese Religion: Basic Concepts, Shinto, Buddhism, Neo-Confucianism
Historical Periods of Japan:
Kofun Period (ca. 250-710 CE)
Asuka-Nara Periods (552-794 CE)
Heian Period (794-1185)
Kamakura Period (1185-1336)
Ashikaga Period (1336-1573)
Tokugawa (Edo) Period (1615-1868)
Meiji Period (1868-1912)
Five characteristics of Japanese religion:
Intimacy of human, divine, and nature
Significance of family
Dichotomy of purity and defilement
Popular religiosity
Bond of religion and nation
Five strands of religious influence:
Folk religion
Shinto
Buddhism
Confucianism/Neo-Confucianism
Religious Daoism
Kofun
Haniwa
Miko
Kami
Kojiki (712 CE)
Izanagi/Izanami
Amaterasu
Shinto
Buddhism enters Japan: 6th c. CE
Horyu-ji, Todai-ji temples
Jinja
Ji
Kamidana
Samurai
Buddhist sects:
Tendai Buddhism
Shingon Buddhism
Jodo (Pure Land) Buddhism
Shinshu (True Pure Land) Buddhism
Zazen (Rinzai and Soto scets)
Shinran
Nichiren
Koan
Satori
Motoori Norinaga
Mono no aware
Meiji Restoration (1868)
Sect Shinto (1882, religious)
Shrine Shinto (1882, nationalist)
Educational Rescript of 1890
Bushido
Kokutai
Shinto Directive of 1945
Yasukuni Shrine
Question Pool for Exam III:
1. Explain the characteristics and elements of traditional Chinese religious consciousness and practice. In what ways do these beliefs demonstrate a kind of reflective balance between the earthly and heavenly realms?
2. Define and explain the concept of Li in terms of a) its pre-Confucian meaning, b) its Confucian meaning, and c) its Neo-Confucian meaning.
3. Compare and contrast Confucianism and Neo-Confucianism. What was the Neo-Confucianist movement trying to achieve and why?
4. Explain the concept of Yin and Yahng. Where did its visual representation come from, and what does it represent? How are its components related to each other? How does this relationship express fundamental Daoist thought? Give examples.
5. Explain the difference between Philosophical Daoism and Religious Daoism. What are their respective aims, and how do they go about achieving them? Give examples.
Question Pool for Exam IV:
1. Explain the nature of indigenous Japanese religion. What are its characteristics and directions of worship? What effect did the arrival of Buddhism in Japan in the 6th c. CE have on indigenous religious beliefs and practices?
2. How did Japan's 19th century Meiji government appropriate the Shinto religion in order to make it "work" for their purposes? What were those purposes?
3. Describe the Shinto Restoration of the late Tokugawa Period, particularly in terms of the thought of Motoori Norinaga. What well-known Japanese phrase did he coin and how did he apply it to Shinto?
4. Discuss the "Yasukuni issue." What is the essential question involved in this controversy? In your answer, provide a brief outline of the historical context and development of Yasukuni.