The Belle Epoque

I. Impressionism

A. What is an "impression" as opposed to a "representation?"

B. Painting (use of colors, technical advancements in pigments, outdoor venues)

1. Claude Monet

2. Pierre-Auguste Renoir

3. Berthe Morisot

4. Edgar Degas

5. Mary Cassatt

C. The Japanese Print

D. Literature

1. The Symbolists: Stephane Mallarme

2. The Naturalists: Kate Chopin, Henrik Ibsen

E. Music: Claude Debussy

II. The Fin de Siecle ("at century's end")

A. Social change, uncertainty, and unrest

B. Technological and scientific advancements

C. Philosophy

1. Friedrich Nietzsche and the Ubermensch

2. Sigmund Freud and Psychoanalysis

D. Post-Impressionist Painting

1. Paul Cezanne

2. Georges Seurat

3. Vincent van Gogh

4. Paul Gauguin

E. Sculpture: Auguste Rodin

F. Architecture

1. Louis Sullivan: "Form follows function"

2. Antoni Gaudi: Function follows form???

G. Art Nouveau: Victor Horta (and Gaudi)

III. The Avant-Garde ("the advance guard")

A. Representation vs. Abstraction

B. Painting, et al.

1. Fauvism: Henri Matisse

2. Cubism

a. Georges Braque

b. Pablo Picasso

3. Futurism

a. Filippo Marinetti and the "Manifesto of Futurism"

b. Gino Severino

c. Umberto Boccioni

4. German Expressionism

a. Die Brucke and Der Blaue Reiter

b. Emil Nolde

c. Vassily Kandinsky

C. Music: Igor Stravinsky

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